Content table
What is a machine tool and why does it need lubrication?
The importance of lubrication in industrial performance
Types of lubrication systems for machine tools
Main components of a lubrication system
How to choose the best lubrication system for your machine tool
Benefits of implementing an efficient lubrication system
Lubrication is one of the most important factors in ensuring the proper functioning of any machine tool. Although often overlooked, a proper lubrication system can mean the difference between optimal performance and costly mechanical failure. This article brings together key information, updated and verified by experts, to help you thoroughly understand how lubrication systems work, what types exist, and how to choose the right one for your industry.
What is a machine tool and why does it need lubrication?
A machine tool is a piece of equipment designed to modify the shape or size of a workpiece through processes such as cutting, turning, milling, or grinding. These machines operate under conditions of extreme friction, high temperatures, and continuous loads. Therefore, lubrication is not only important but essential to maintaining stable and efficient operation.
Lubrication reduces friction, eliminates the heat generated, and keeps the surfaces in contact clean. Without it, wear would be practically immediate.
The importance of lubrication in industrial performance
Properly lubricating a machine tool means protecting your investment, maintaining productivity, and avoiding costly downtime. Let's see why.
Reduced wear and longer service life
The lubricant creates a protective film that prevents direct contact between metal surfaces. This significantly reduces wear and extends the service life of components such as linear guides, spindles, bearings, and gears.
Improved performance and precision
A machine without lubrication quickly loses precision due to increased friction and mechanical play. With a proper system, the machine maintains tighter tolerances, resulting in more accurate parts and less material waste.
Prevention of critical failures
A slight excess of temperature or poorly controlled friction can cause cracks, blockages, and premature failures. Stable lubrication prevents:
• Overheating
• Material fatigue
• Sudden breakage
Types of lubrication systems for machine tools
Here we analyze the most common systems, from the most basic to the most advanced.
Manual lubrication
This is the simplest method. An operator applies the lubricant directly to the friction areas. Although economical, it is imprecise and can lead to waste or insufficient lubrication.
Drip lubrication
Uses reservoirs with valves to continuously drip oil. Common in older machines, but control is limited.
Oil bath lubrication
Parts rotate partially submerged in an oil bath. Ensures constant lubrication but requires frequent monitoring of oil level and purity.
Automatic centralized lubrication
This is the most efficient system and is recommended for any modern machine tool.
- Progressive lubrication systems: These use distributors that send precise amounts of oil or grease to each point.
- Single-line lubrication systems: Ideal for small and medium-sized machines.
- Double-line lubrication systems: Designed for large equipment with long pipe runs.
Main components of a lubrication system
RENOLIT HI-SPEED 2 100% synthetic special grease for spindle bearings, engineered to withstand extreme speed factors of up to 1,400,000 mm/min.
RENOLIN MEG AG M 50 NSpindle coolant fluid
RENEP CGLP Innovative range of lubricating fluids for machine tool guideways
RENOLIT SF 7-041Fluid and highly adhesive grease, reinforced with a state-of-the-art additive package that ensures both high load-carrying capacity of the lubricating film and effective protection against corrosion and oxidation.
GLEITMO WSP 5040High-performance paste designed for clamping jaws, chucks, and tool holders to ensure reliable grip and optimal protection under extreme conditions
RENOLIN MR MCPremium fluids with detergent and dispersant properties for hydraulic systems and bearings
RENOLIN MR MCPremium fluids with detergent and dispersant properties for hydraulic systems and bearings
RENOLIT CX-EP 2Heavy-duty grease with outstanding corrosion and wear protection, and exceptional water resistance
RENOLIT SF 7-041 Fluid and highly adhesive grease, reinforced with a state-of-the-art additive package that ensures both high load-carrying capacity of the lubricating film and effective protection against corrosion and oxidation
RENOLIN PG A complete range of synthetic polyglycol-based lubricants for gearboxes and demanding industrial applications
RENOLIN CLP Range of mineral-based lubricating fluids for gearboxes operating under severe conditions
How to choose the best lubrication system for your machine tool
Type of operation
High-speed or heavy-duty operations require automatic systems.
Workload
The more demanding the production, the more sophisticated the system must be.
Temperature and environmental conditions
Dusty, extremely hot, or humid environments require specific lubricants.
Lubricant compatibility
Not all oils are suitable for all machines. Check ISO and SAE standards.
Benefits of implementing an efficient lubrication system
- Savings in maintenance costs: Fewer failures = fewer repairs.
- Optimization of energy consumption: A well-lubricated machine requires less power to operate.
- Greater operational stability: Downtime, noise, and vibrations are reduced.
Common mistakes to avoid
- Using unsuitable lubricants (e.g., non-approved). Contact an expert to find out what oil or grease your machine tool needs.
- Not purging the system.
- Not calibrating valves.
Lubrication system maintenance
It is very important to periodically check the condition of the lubrication system in the machine tool. As mentioned above, some of the possible problems caused by lack of or poor lubrication can be avoided with proper maintenance.
- Periodic inspection: Check flow rates, levels, and possible leaks.
- Component replacement: Filters, valves, and hoses should be changed regularly.
- Viscosity and purity check: The lubricant must be kept clean, filtered, and at the recommended viscosity.
Case studies and real-life examples
We will now look at real-life examples of collaboration, combining lubrication and machine tool expertise. The aim is to create new lubricant solutions and services that drive the digitalization of production processes and the monitoring of the condition of machines and systems.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
It depends on the type of machine and system, but in general, automatic systems require weekly inspections.
No. Each machine requires a lubricant with specific viscosity and additives. In addition, each part of the machine tool will require a different type of lubricant, which is why there are specific products designed to operate at maximum speeds or for long periods of use, or even to withstand contact with water efficiently and durably.
Wear, friction, and the risk of serious failure increase. As a result, your machine tool will suffer premature deterioration.
Yes, a well-lubricated machine produces cleaner and more precise surfaces.
Here is a useful resource: Artículos Industria | FUCHS LUBRICANTES, S.A.U.
Increased wear, premature failure, and economic losses.
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